1. Tsallake zuwa shafin jadawali
  2. Tsallake zuwa jadawalin abubuwan da shiri ya kunsa
  3. Tsallake zuwa karin wasu shafukan DW

Me ke haddasa yunwa a Afirka?

Jan-Philipp Scholz MA
October 17, 2017

Cikin ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata, an sami raguwar mutanen da ke fama da karancin abinci a nahiyar Afirka. Sai dai, matsalar ta sake kunno kai, inda a yanzu akalla mutane miliyan 26 ne suke fuskantar yunwa a nahiyar.

https://p.dw.com/p/2m1SV
Nigeria Ärtze ohne Grenzen versorgen Kinder in Maiduguri
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/Sunday Alamba

Wannan dai wata matsala ce da galibin akan iya fahimtar ta ne kawai bayan ta kau. Ga misali a kasar Kenya, an sami wani likita da wani malamin jinya da suka yi kokarin ceto wata yarinya wadda iyayenta suka shiga hali na damuwa saboda tsananin da ta fuskanta, inda ta kai bayan wasu ‘yan mintoci, kwararrun suka saduda tare da janye duk wani taimakon da suke yi wa yarinyar saboda tsanani. A karshe dai sai kuka ne iyayen wannan yarinyar suka kama saboda rasa ta aka yi.

Wannan al'amarin wanda ya faru a arewacin kasar ta Kenya, ya kasance daga cikin mafi sosa rai da tawagar DW ta gamu da shi a ziyarar binciken da ta ke gudanarwa kan wasu sassan nahiyar Afirka da a yanzu ke fuskantar yunwa. Hakan ya kuma fito da irin barazanar da mutane miliyan 26 ke ciki na rashin koshin, da kuma ya zarta abin da hankali ke iya kamawa a bangaren kididdiga. Wannan yarinyar bata rasa ranta saboda hatsari ko wata mugunyar cuta ba, sai dai na rashin abinci ne da ta yi fama da shi na lokaci mai tsawo.

Rashin daukar hankali da matsalar ke yi

Wakilan tashar DW sun zagaya sassan kasashen nahiyar Afirkar na tsawon makonni, don bin diddigin neman musabbabin matsalar ta yunwa. Sun sami zantawa da bangarori da suka hada da kwararru da masu bayar da taimakon raya al'uma da ‘yan siyasa, sai kuma uwa-uba mutanen da ke fuskantar matsalar, don fahimtar dalilan da suka sanya jama'a ke cikin wannan tsanani na wahala. Manyan dalilan dai da aka gano Afirkar ke ciki da ke haddasa yunwar dai, su ne fadace-fadace da sauran nau'ukan rigingimun rashin tsaro da ake ciki. A baya dai kungiyoyin agayi sun yi gargadin cewa ana iya shiga halin da ake ciki a yanzun, lamarin da ya sanya jerin bayanan da ke fitowa a yanzu, ke zama sara kan gaba. Kungiyoyin sun yi ta gargadin cewar fari na iya haddasa ta'asa mai yawa a wasu kasashen Afirka da kasar Yemen.

Äthiopien Dürre in Gelcha
Hoto: Reuters/T. Negeri

Sai dai bayan wannan hasashe na gargadi, sai kuma batun ya mutu; saboda ba a sake wani motsi kamar da hankali ya kamata ya kafu a kansa ba, duk da cewar ba wani kwararren mataki aka dauka a kansa ba. Kasashen Sudan ta Kudu da kuma Somaliya, su ne kasashen da bala'in ya fi kamari cikinsu, inda ake da kimanin mutane miliyan 14 da ke dogaro kan tallafin abinci.

Mutane a matsayin sular yunwar

Rahotannin da suka yi nazarin lamarin, sun yi ittifakin cewa mutane ne suka haddasa matsalar ba kuma aukuwa ta yi haka nan ba. Wasu batutuwan kuwa sun hada da sauyin yanayi da ya shafi duniya da yawan sare itatuwa da dogaro da noman kayan abinci iri guda da ke zama wata matsala ga kananan manoma musamman.

Darfur Kämpfer der Rapid Support Forces
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/A. Shazly

Sai dai rigingimun siyasa sun fi yin mummunar illa galibi. Kasashen Afirkar kuma da akasari ke cikin wannan rukunin, misali, Najeriya da Sudan ta Kudu da Somaliya, su ne wadanda ke fama da walau yaki ko kuma kokarin murkushe matsalar ta'addanci. Cikin kasashen, gwamnatoci sun gaza bayar da hankalin da ya kamata a fannonin lafiya da ilimi da kuma tsaro. Maimakon hakan, 'yan boko wadanda ke hawa madafun iko na karkata dukiyoyi ne zuwa wasu kasashen masu karfin arziki, don amfanin kansu.

A karshen nazarin na wakilan DW, an hango alamun samun makoma mai kyau nan gaba. Misali, bayan shekaru 20 na yakin basasa a kasar Somaliya, kasar ta sami sabuwar gwamnatin a wannan shekara ta 2017. Hakan ya sanya masu kallon al'amura bayyana kwarin guiwar da cewarsu na abi ne a sannu. A duk dai wuraren da wakilan na DW suka tattauna da jama'a, akwai dai kwarin guiwar da ke tabbatar da cewa ba a karaya ba, saboda duk da cewar su da kansu ne musabbabin matsalar ta yunwa, suna kuma iya maganta ta.

Daga ranar 16 ga watan Oktobar 2017, tashar DW ta fara watsa jerin wasu rahotanni kowace rana kan matsalar yunwa a nahiyar Afirka wanda ake watsa su ta rediyo da talabijin.