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Shekaru 50 da fara saka kafar dan Adam a kan wata

July 16, 2019

16 ga watan Yuli, 2019, aka cika shekaru 50 da Amirka ta harba Kumbon Apollo 11, wanda ya yi nasarar sauka a duniyar wata dauke da 'yan sama jannati uku.

https://p.dw.com/p/3MAUS
Edwin «Buzz» Aldrin auf dem Mond
Hoto: picture-alliance/dpa/NASA/N. Armstrong

Yau 16 ga watan Yuli, 2019, aka cika shekaru 50 daidai da Amirka ta harba Kumbon Apollo 11, wanda ya yi nasarar sauka a duniyar wata dauke da 'yan sama jannati uku. Neil Armstrong shi ne dan Adam na farko da ya sanya kafarsa kan wata. Wannan dai ya sa an kai kololuwar wata gagarumar gasa ta fasaha tsakanin Tarayyar Sobiet da Amirka.

Neil Armstrong ya sanya kafarsa kan duniyar wata ranar 20 ga watan Yulin 1969 yana cewa karamin taki guda ga dan Adam.

Apollo 11 Mannschaft
Hoto: NASA

Tun dai a cikin shekaru gommai na 1950 tarihin tafiyar dan Adam zuwa sararin samaniya ya faro. Lokaci ne da aka yi gogayya tsakanin manyan daulolin duniya biyu wato Amirka da Tarayyar Sobiet wajen mallakar makaman nukiliya. A ra'ayinsu duk wanda ya mallaki sararin samaniya zai jagoranci duniya a fannin soji. A cikin shekarun 1950 Tarayyar Sobiet na gaban Amirka a binciken sararin samaniya.

John Glenn da ya kasance matukin jirgin saman yakin Amirka amma daga baya ya zama dan sama jannati, shi ne na farko a shekarar 1957 da ya yi gwajin jirgin saman Amirka mai gudu kamar walkiya, tun a lokacin ya san cewa Amirka za ta yi nasarar a tserereniyar zuwa sararin samaniya.

Nasarar Sobiet ta samu ta kada kasashen yamma, da haka ya kara tinzira gwamnatin Amirka da ta dauki mataki kan sabuwar barazanar a sararin samaniya. Ga Neil Armstrong da ya kasance dan Adam na farko da ya sanya kafarsa kan duniyar wata, Sputnik mafarin gasar ta sararin samaniya.

Mondlandung 1969
Hoto: picture-alliance/dpa/NASA/CNP

Amirka ta sha alwashin shan gaban Sobiet wajen tura dan Adam sararin samaniya, injiniyoyinta kuma na da kwarin gwiwa samun wannan nasara. Sun nemi agajin Wernher von Braun injiniyan sararin samaniya da ya taba kera wa gwamnatin NAZIn Jamus rokoki. Bayan yakin duniya biyu da shi da kusan mutum 100 dukkansu kwararrun injiniyoyi sun koma Amirka da zama. Shi ya taimaka aka inganta shirin kera rokokin Amirka. Muhimmin abu a gare-shi shi ne a kera kumbo da ya fi na Sobiet inganci.

Duk da gudunmawar da ya bayar a tsakiyar shekaru gommai an 1970 masu sukar lamarinsa sun fara aza ayar tambaya game da alakarsa da NAZI da kuma laifin yaki.

Filmstill | Apollo 11 - Die wahre Geschichte der ersten Mondlandung
Hoto: Piece of Magic

Amirka dai ta yi ta fadi tashi ta yi ta kuma fuskantar koma baya a kokarinta na kera kumbon da kuma gwaje gwajen da ta yi na kumbon da zai dauki dan Adam zuwa sama jannati. Da farko ta fara ne da harba birrai sararin samaniya. A watan Oktoba da Disamban 1968 Hukumar NASA ta yi nasarar harba kumbon Apollo na 8 da ya kewaye duniyar wata, abin da kuma ya ba wa 'yan sama jannatin damar ganin yadda watan yake a tazarar mile 60.

A ranar 16 ga watan Yulin 1969 NASA ta harba kumbon Apollo 11 zuwa duniyar wata dauke da 'yan sama jannati uku, Michael Collins da ya saura a cikin kumbon sai Buzz Aldrin da Neil Armstrong suka sauka kan wata a ranar 20 ga watan Yulin 1969.